• Electronic libraries on military subjects. Fund of military literature


    Brief historical background

    The Department of Military Literature was established under a general agreement in 1929 between the People's Commissariat of Defense of the USSR (now the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation) and the All-Union Public Library named after V. I. Lenin "in order to concentrate military book collections in one place and their best use for scientific work."

    The People's Commissariat for Military Affairs transferred to the library the richest book fund of the library of the Headquarters of the Red Army, numbering 358,500 books and many other valuable publications. Part of this literature was allocated to the specialized fund of the military department - 114,000 items, the rest went to other divisions of the library. This fund has been collected for more than a hundred years and previously belonged to one of the best military libraries in Europe - the library of the Main and General Staffs of the Russian Army, founded in 1811, which was created by prominent people of the 19th century.

    Today, readers are provided with a rich collection of literature on the history of wars and military art, lifetime editions of the classics of military science Jomini, Moltke, Clausewitz, Napoleon, Rumyantsev, Suvorov, Kutuzov, Ushakov, prominent military scientists of the 18th-19th centuries. The collection of books on military affairs and military science is considered to be a real gem of the fund.

    Of particular value in the collection of military literature are books about the Second World War and the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945), as well as the front-line press for 1941-1945.

    Fund size

    Structurally part of the central core fund

    Coverage period

    From the 16th century to the present

    Fund Composition

    The main fund, formed on the basis of the book collection of the library of the General Staff of the Russian Army (1811–1917), consists of thematic collections on military administration, regimental historiography, Russian military clothing, etc. The fund contains rare reference documents, a collection of literature on the history of wars and military art, lifetime editions of the classics of military science, prominent military scientists of the 18th-19th centuries. The collection of books on military affairs and military science and a specialized closed owner's collection of the famous Moscow bibliophile A. M. Makarov are considered to be the pearls of the fund.
    Of particular value in the collection of military literature are books about the Second World War and the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945), front-line printing for 1941-1945, a collection of small-format literature by Soviet writers, produced especially for front-line soldiers, annual sets of front-line newspapers, posters, leaflets.

    Fund holder

    Department of storage of fixed assets

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    - one of the largest in Runet and, most importantly, open, collections of texts in Russian, including translated ones, related to military history and the history of wars. This is more of an educational and popular science project than a formally patriotic project: speaking about the target audience, the authors of the site are not referring to the abstract “younger generation”, but to “you and me”, those who are trying to study history not from retellings, but from sources. .

    The portal has existed since 2001; in the archive you can see by year and month how the site was filled, as well as track updates. All books and documents are published with an indication of the source, in the texts (if possible) pagination is preserved (as in the source). Thus, the materials can be used when writing educational and research papers.

    The creators of the site formulate their principles:

    "1. History is not religion.
    2. Let a hundred flowers bloom, let a hundred schools compete.
    3. Everything on the site is free" -

    and so they see their tasks:

    “First, build a huge library that anyone can use. Second: to gather like-minded people and enthusiasts who will help to complete the task.”

    Most of the collected texts concern Second World War and its background (the authors explain that “this topic has been the most widely reported in our country over the past 50 years, and materials on this topic have been more accessible than others”). However, there are materials on military history and other periods: domestic publishing houses have released, and the portal has republished many fundamental works (for example, Kersnovsky, Zaionchkovsky, Levitsky, Tarle, Liddel-Gart, Arkhengolts, etc.). At the moment, the site contains texts on the following military subjects:

    Wars can also be selected by century - here the list is somewhat wider than the main one.

    In addition, in the "Troops" section, a meaningful search can be carried out by types and types of troops, specialties, personalities ("statesmen", "high command staff").

    Several "Selections" have been made for readers: thematic selections on debatable problems ("1939-1941", "Pro & Contra" (criticism of Viktor Suvorov's Icebreaker), "Repressions in the Red Army").

    In addition to content sorting, books are also sorted by genres; this division is reflected in the very structure of the site - different genres of military literature are at the same time sections of the portal. The most important authors name primary sources, memoirs and prose, explaining that the publication of these materials (their availability and accessibility to readers) is the goal of the project. In general, the following genres are represented:

    • (collections of documents, transcripts)

    The Patriotic War, like the most difficult time for the country in the mid-1940s, will long remain in the memories of those who witnessed those terrible events. Following the cinema, which annually creates films about the war, literature does not lag behind at all. Its only drawback is that, compared to movies, books about battles are of less interest. Military literature, a general list of books to read, a detailed study of the most striking examples is the topic of our today's article.

    Young patriots of the country

    Nadezhda Nadezhdina did not think of becoming a writer. And even more so, releasing for children, she did not imagine that someday she would have to write about the war. The schoolgirl, the heroine of her novel "Partisan Lara", leaves her native village, but will not be able to return - the Germans have occupied the occupation. Together with her friends, she went to the headquarters of the brigade, but she was not taken because of her young age. And so I wanted to go to the front and, most importantly, save my family! Without the approval of strangers, the girl decides to become a partisan. Dressed in rags, she merges with nature, penetrates the village, observes the Germans, noting individual details: the time of arrival of the echelon with cargo, the scheme for building sentries, the number of weapons ... Did Lara manage to free her relatives? The story of how much little children can do for their homeland is a masterpiece that military literature can boast of. A general list of all books in this direction is not complete without the 1988 story “Partisan Lara”.

    Give the word to the prisoners

    A native of Lithuania, Maria Rolnikayte ended up in a concentration camp in 1941. She personally observed all the horrors of captivity, and a few years later she wrote a book about it. To this day, Maria remains almost the only writer who talks about the heroism and the hard fate of the Jewish people, especially during the cruel years of the war.

    Military fiction is represented by the book “Alone with Memory”. In it, unlike her other works, Maria pays little attention to autobiographical facts. In addition to describing the events taking place on the battlefield, “Alone with a Memory” tells about the difficult choices that had to be made. Sometimes you have to kill to survive. What are the tormented inhabitants of the occupied cities capable of to save their own lives?

    we are from the future

    No, this novel has nothing to do with the film about the war with that name. But, definitely, it will not be difficult to draw parallels with the general idea of ​​the story. The past is in the memories. But what if history itself makes contemporaries feel all the “charms” of war? Several main characters find themselves in 1942. The thick of bloody events forces them to make a choice - they can stay or return, preserving the present and the past, or forever changing the course of events ... The interesting novel by Alexei Ivakin “We Will Die Yesterday” deservedly enters the list of military literature. According to readers, on its pages the author reliably moved to the front, showed the fullness of the tragedy.

    Living memories

    The main character of the work is long gone. Behind him were the years. Sitting at the head of a large family, surrounded by the aroma of kebabs and beloved grandchildren, he suddenly seeks out in his memory the remnants of events when the winter of 1942 was outside. Fulfilling the next request of his relatives, he recalls the mud and impassable snowdrifts, captured Germans, grenades and stew, a warm fire and a soft blanket. And also - the number of fascists he killed. Together with Dima, Sanych was side by side, who, like him, believed that reaching the end was his main duty ...

    The 2012 Cloud Regiment is not Verkin's first piece of history writing. The warm readership and return on circulation speak of a vivid novel that modern military literature can be proud of.

    Remember. Do not forget

    And again raising the topic of concentration camps, literary critic Tatiana de Rosnay reflects on who and why allowed their compatriots to be destroyed back in 1942. Thousands of Jews are languishing in anticipation But they do not yet know about the imminent death. Little Sarah dreams of quickly returning to Paris, the city that separated her from her 4-year-old brother, who was locked in a closet for salvation. After passing the camp, Sarah will arrive in restored France, but it will be too late ...

    "Sarah's Key", released in 2007, immediately captivated critics. And he gathered a millionth army of admirers of Tatiana's talent around the world. The novel occupies a leading place among the bestsellers. Three years later it was filmed. Starring actress Kristin Scott Thomas.

    What components can be distinguished when talking about works like this? All of them bear the imprint of tragedy, pain, despair carried by the participants of those terrible events through many years. Of course, the attitude of the current generation, which is still ready to honor the memory, is captivating. It is especially pleasing that modern military fiction is rich in this.

    The general list of books that make up the classics of military subjects can be supplemented with a number of the following works:

    • “All Quiet on the Western Front”, “Spark of Life” (Erich Maria Remarque);
    • "Babi Yar" (Anatoly Kuznetsov);
    • “Tomorrow there was a war”, “The dawns here are quiet…” (Boris Vasiliev);
    • "Darkness at noon" (Yuri Slepukhin);
    • “Silence of Heaven”, “The Road to Eternity” (Weisswald Helmut);
    • “Operation Faust” (Evgeny Fedorovsky);
    • “Penal battalions are going into the breach” (Yuri Pogrebov).

    Encyclopedia for generations

    Who said that only fiction can become the basis of a book? The documentary style is the most common direction in which military literature is rich. Prose fades into the background, giving way to archival information that forms the basis of this chronicle, which has been in preparation for over twenty years. “1443 days and nights…” literally by the day they recreate the first raids of the Nazis who surrounded the country from several fronts. The authors have reworked thousands of memoirs of soldiers, historians, extracts from official documents. Do not forget about the letters from the front, filled with drama and honor. This book is intended for a wide audience, while remaining a weighty scientific work on the Great War.

    Rich military literature

    The general list, along with the examples mentioned above, is diluted with technical literature. Those who want to touch history not only in works of art should be recommended a variety of series of books and periodicals. All of them are devoted to the Patriotic War, but they are of interest to the scientific content.

    Military technical literature will tell about the weapons of the Soviet Union in the period 1941-1945, aircraft carriers and anti-submarine ships that participated in the battles. A separate topic is devoted to military weapons - the reader is presented with a full range of tank guns and missiles. Particularly curious people will be able to find out in more detail how the soldier's uniform was determined and what it consisted of, what the basics of equipment and camouflage were used, as well as what orders and insignia were developed as awards for those who went through the Patriotic War.

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